A comparison was made of pavement behaviour and performance asmeasured during an accelerated pavement test conducted by theHeavy Vehicle Simulator (HVS) in 1980, and actual behaviour andperformance of the same pavement section measured in 1996. Behaviouralaspects such as deflection, Dynamic Cone Penetrometer shear strength,moisture and density were found to correlate reasonably well withmeasurements made during the accelerated pavement test 16 yearsearlier. Rutting measured in 1996 compared well with rut depthsmeasured during the accelerated pavement test at a similar numberof equivalent standard axles. Rut development as measured duringthe accelerated pavement test also compared well with predictionsmade with the World Bank's Highway Design and Maintenance Program(HDM). Results obtained indicate that, for the pavement sectionstudied, environmental effects did not significantly change thebehaviour and performance of the pavement.